Which preoperative medication is given to reduce anxiety and secretion in surgical patients?

Benzodiazepines are commonly used as preoperative medications to alleviate anxiety and decrease secretions in surgical patients. They work by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptors, which leads to a calming effect. This is particularly beneficial in the surgical setting, where anxiety can exacerbate patient stress and complicate the perioperative experience.

Additionally, benzodiazepines have the advantage of having amnesic properties, which can be helpful for patients who may fear recalling unpleasant experiences related to the surgery. By reducing both mental and physical tension, these medications contribute to improved overall patient comfort.

While other classes of medications mentioned, such as opioids, antidepressants, and beta-blockers, can play roles in perioperative management, they do not primarily target anxiety and secretions to the same extent as benzodiazepines. Opioids are mainly analgesics, antidepressants are typically for long-term mood management, and beta-blockers are commonly used for cardiovascular stability but do not have significant anxiolytic properties or effects on secretion reduction.