UWorld Surgery Practice Test

In the case of a 2-month-old infant presenting with an occipital hematoma following a fall, the best next step in management is to perform a head CT scan. This imaging is crucial because it allows for the assessment of potential underlying intracranial injuries, such as skull fractures or intra-axial hemorrhages, which are particularly concerning in young children.

Infants are more vulnerable to significant head trauma due to their still-developing cranial structures and the soft nature of their skulls. The presence of a hematoma, especially in the context of a fall, raises concerns about potential complications that could lead to morbidity if not identified and treated appropriately. A head CT scan is a rapid, non-invasive method to evaluate any serious injuries in the brain that may require immediate intervention.

While observation and follow-up may be appropriate in some instances where there is minimal trauma and no concerning signs of injury, the acute nature and the specific incident of a fall warrant imaging to ensure there are no serious complications. Similarly, while providing pain relief can be important for patient comfort, it does not address potential life-threatening injuries that may be present. A neurological consult could be necessary based on imaging results, but the immediate next step should focus on obtaining