Which condition is characterized by the presence of diverticula?

Diverticulosis is characterized by the presence of diverticula, which are small, bulging pouches that can develop in the lining of the digestive system, particularly in the colon. This condition is often asymptomatic and is typically detected incidentally during imaging studies or colonoscopies. The formation of these diverticula is associated with factors such as a low-fiber diet, which can lead to increased pressure within the colon, thus causing pouches to form.

While ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are both forms of inflammatory bowel disease, they are characterized by inflammation of the bowel rather than the presence of diverticula. Ulcerative colitis specifically affects the rectum and colon, leading to ulceration and diarrhea, while Crohn's disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract and is characterized by transmural inflammation. Gastroenteritis refers to inflammation of the stomach and intestines, usually due to infection, and does not involve diverticula.

Therefore, the defining feature of diverticulosis is indeed the presence of diverticula in the colon, making it the correct answer to this question.